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Innovative solution in LaserHybrid-welded lightweight aluminium construction The “Phaeton� has the safest doors of any vehicle anywhere
The VW Phaeton is preceded by a “legendary� reputation as a super-car of the luxury class, offering supreme travel comfort and the very highest safety standards.
In order to do justice to this reputation in every regard, and even surpass it in practice, the managers and design engineers at VW have invested in state-of-the-art joining technologies.
The four doors of the “Phaeton�
The Phaeton's doors comprise a frame construction made of aluminium castings, sheets and extruded sections, which give the vehicle its unrivalled side-impact protection. When it comes to joining important parts, VW's auto engineers have a clear preference: The LaserHybrid weld process from Fronius.
Series production of the aluminium doors for the Phaeton has been running very successfully at VW's Wolfsburg plant since October 2002. “Our declared goal was to build the strongest and stiffest door on any passenger car, anywhere�, is how Dr. Thomas Graf, manager of the aluminium die-casting plant, unambiguously sums up the goals and aspirations of this product innovation.
Among the joining techniques used here, laser welding and Fronius LaserHybrid welding take pride of place.
Inside view of the "Phaeton" door
Why LaserHybrid?
In order to largely eliminate the drawbacks of pure laser welding at important, safety-critical locations, VW's aluminium die-casting plant opted to use LaserHybrid welding technology. In this process, laser welding and arc welding are combined in such a way that not only do the advantages of both processes complement one another, but additional synergies result as well.
LaserHybrid on the Phaeton-Door
“For us – and more particularly, for the doors of the Phaeton – LaserHybrid is the best solution�, notes Dr. Thomas Graf. “As compared to laser on its own, we've increased the bridgeability from theoretically zero to as much as 0.4 mm, and we benefit from the high process stability of the arc while still getting the high welding speed of the laser. As well as saving energy because less laser output is needed, we have the advantage of the clean wetting to sidewalls that the process gives.�
For Graf and his staff, this joining process is far more than a mere compromise between arc and laser. All in all, there are 3570 mm of LaserHybrid-welded seams on a Phaeton door. This is three times as much as the seams welded using laser only. “For the geometries of join and the combinations of materials that we are dealing with here, LaserHybrid is simply the N° 1 choice of process� says welding supervision officer Karsten Lempereur, explaining his clear preference.
Two years' development work for the stiffest doors in the world
An experienced welding expert, Karsten Lempereur (40) was responsible for seeing this project through from the original decision to the final implementation of a viable series solution in actual production practice. As a welding practitioner, Lempereur is also convinced that LaserHybrid welding has a bright future. “We production people worked for two years on optimising the processes until we achieved the desired process reliability�, explains Lempereur.
Optical and endoscopic measuring and testing methods ensure that every door meets the most exacting criteria. “For VW, the huge amount of work that went into achieving the quality of this aluminium frame construction is primarily an investment in getting experience in a high-tech field that will pay off for us in the future�, explains Lempereur.
In their R&D activities, Fronius were quick to spot the potential of LaserHybrid, and were the first to develop this process up to a standardised industrially viable level. A tried-and-tested partnership has grown between the people at VW's aluminium die-casting plant and Fronius.
To begin with, Karsten Lempereur travelled to Wels in October 1999 to spend time becoming better acquainted with the technology in Fronius' Development Centre. After this came the task of adapting the components, defining the characteristics, and setting the parameters at VW in Wolfsburg. “Three specialists from Fronius supported us right through until production start-up. In fact, they passed on much of their invaluable user knowledge to us straight away.�
Experience and convictions
Today, the people at VW view the past 2 years of development work as a highly constructive and vital period. “The process as a whole was a growth phase�, is how Dr. Graf sums it up. They now effortlessly master the programming of the digital welding systems.
Dr. Graf awards “top marks� to the Fronius products that they are using, and expects equally high-quality services to go with them. This is right in line with Fronius' philosophy of providing solutions that take in the wider context. Part of this, of course, is a high standard of after-sales care. For Dr. Thomas Graf and Karsten Lempereur, there is no doubt that developments are moving in LaserHybrid's direction: “I'm quite convinced� says Departmental Manager Dr. Graf, “that in the medium term, at least, this will become a process in its own right, with widespread acceptance in the long term�.
Schematic representation of the LaserHybrid-Process
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